ARA-290 Peptide

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Bridging Inflammation and Tissue Repair: An Introduction to ARA-290 (Cibinetide) 🔬

For researchers focused on the complex interplay between inflammation, nerve damage, and tissue regeneration, ARA-290—also known as Cibinetide—represents a uniquely sophisticated and well-characterized research tool. This 11-amino acid synthetic peptide is engineered from the three-dimensional structure of helix B of erythropoietin (EPO), specifically designed to retain the tissue-protective and anti-inflammatory properties of EPO while completely eliminating its erythropoietic (red blood cell-stimulating) effects .

ARA-290's significance in research lies in its selective activation of the Innate Repair Receptor (IRR) , a heteromeric complex composed of the EPO receptor (EPOR) and the β-common receptor (CD131) . This receptor is upregulated in response to injury and inflammation and serves as the body's endogenous healing mechanism. By specifically targeting this pathway, ARA-290 provides researchers with an unparalleled tool for investigating the fundamental processes of neuroprotection, immunomodulation, and tissue repair without the confounding variables associated with hematopoietic stimulation.

The peptide has been extensively evaluated in a wide spectrum of preclinical models and human clinical trials, demonstrating remarkable efficacy in conditions ranging from diabetic neuropathy and sarcoidosis to stroke and myocardial infarction .

What is ARA-290?

ARA-290 is a synthetic 11-amino acid peptide with the sequence Pyr-Glu-Gln-Leu-Glu-Arg-Ala-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ser-OH . Its molecular formula is C₅₁H₈₄N₁₆O₂₁ with a molecular weight of approximately 1257.3 g/mol .

Its primary mechanisms of action are theorized to include:

1. Selective Innate Repair Receptor (IRR) Activation: ARA-290 binds specifically to the IRR (EPOR/CD131 heterodimer), triggering intracellular signaling cascades that promote cell survival and reduce inflammation . Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that its compact fold stabilizes interactions with the IRR's ligand-binding pocket .
2. No Erythropoietic Activity: Unlike native EPO, ARA-290 exhibits >1,000-fold reduced binding to the EPOR homodimer responsible for red blood cell production, making it a pure tissue-protective agent .
3. Anti-Inflammatory Pathway Modulation: IRR activation by ARA-290 recruits JAK2 to phosphorylate EPOR, initiating STAT5 and NF-κB modulation. This suppresses pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) while enhancing anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) .
4. NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibition: ARA-290 inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome by blocking ASC oligomerization and caspase-1 activation, curtailing pyroptosis (inflammatory cell death) .
5. Tissue-Repair Pathway Activation: The PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis downstream of IRR promotes angiogenesis and nerve regeneration .

🔬 Primary Research Focuses and Applications

The ARA-290 Peptide is primarily utilized in scientific research to investigate a broad spectrum of physiological and pharmacological questions, supported by robust preclinical and clinical data:

• Neuropathy and Small Fiber Nerve Regeneration: One of the most extensively documented applications for ARA-290 is in small fiber neuropathy (SFN). A pivotal Phase 2 study in patients with type 2 diabetes and painful neuropathy demonstrated that 28 days of ARA-290 treatment significantly improved neuropathic symptoms (assessed by PainDetect questionnaire) and, in subjects with baseline corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) more than one standard deviation from normal, showed a significant increase in CNFD, indicating structural nerve repair . In sarcoidosis patients, ARA-290 similarly increased corneal nerve fiber density and reduced pain symptoms .

• Metabolic Control and Insulin Resistance: ARA-290 has demonstrated remarkable effects on metabolic parameters. In the same Phase 2 diabetes study, subjects receiving ARA-290 exhibited improvement in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lipid profiles throughout the 56-day observation period . Preclinical studies have confirmed its efficacy in diet-induced insulin resistance, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic autonomic neuropathy .

• Neuroprotection and Neuroinflammation: A 2024 study in a transgenic murine model of tau proteinopathy (P301S mice) revealed that ARA-290 treatment significantly improved the phenotypic picture of tauopathy. Treated mice showed decreased levels of GSK-3β, increased CDK5 and PP2A (indicating dephosphorylating effects on Tau protein), and significant reductions in neuroinflammation markers (NF-κB reduced by 57%, TNF-α reduced by 32%) . Behavioral tests confirmed improved cognitive and motor function .

• Ischemic Stroke and Brain Injury: A 2024 study in a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) demonstrated that ARA-290 exerts neuroprotective effects qualitatively similar to EPO, significantly reducing neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine levels in brain tissue . Crucially, these effects were mediated through the β-common receptor (CD131) and occurred without causing erythropoiesis .

• Direct TRPV1 Channel Antagonism for Pain Research: A 2016 study published in Peptides revealed a novel mechanism for ARA-290's analgesic effects. Using calcium imaging and behavioral tests, researchers demonstrated that ARA-290 specifically inhibits TRPV1 channel activity and relieves mechanical hypersensitivity induced by capsaicin, suggesting it functions as a novel antagonist for the TRPV1 channel—a key player in pain sensation . This finding highlights the integration between the immune system and peripheral nociception .

• Autoimmune and Inflammatory Conditions: ARA-290 has shown therapeutic effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat models, suggesting potential applications in multiple sclerosis research . It also improves circulating endothelial progenitors' angiogenic potential and homing ability .

• Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Organ Protection: Preclinical studies have demonstrated ARA-290's efficacy in models of myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, burns, traumatic brain injury, and shock-induced multi-organ failure, consistently showing reduced tissue injury and activated healing .

🧪 Product Specifications & Technical Data

At Buy Peptides Online USA, we ensure your research is built on a foundation of quality and consistency. This peptide is manufactured to rigorous laboratory standards and verified through advanced analytical methods.

Key Research Findings Summary

ARA-290's effects across diverse research models highlight its utility as a multi-faceted research tool:

✅ Why Choose Buy Peptides Online USA for Your Research?

Sourcing reliable research compounds is critical for reproducible, high-impact science. Here is why researchers across the USA trust us:

• Verified Purity & Potency: We provide access to Certificates of Analysis (COA) and rely on advanced analytical methods like High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) to confirm the identity and purity (≥98%) of every batch . This commitment ensures the integrity of your experimental data.
• Research-Focused Integrity: We strictly adhere to research-use-only (RUO) guidelines. Our product descriptions are factual, focusing on chemical properties and cited research applications, never unverified human-use claims. This product is not for diagnostic or therapeutic use .
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📝 Handling, Storage, & Important Safety Information

• Critical Storage Information: Upon receipt, store the lyophilized powder at -20°C (-4°F) or below, protected from light and moisture. It is stable for up to 24 months under these conditions .
• Handling for Research Use: This product is for laboratory use only by qualified professionals. Use proper aseptic technique when reconstituting for research models. Follow your institutional animal care and use protocols for all in vivo studies. Allow product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour before opening the vial .
• Stability Considerations: Wherever possible, prepare and use solutions on the same day. If stock solutions are necessary, store as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20°C for up to one month. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, as this can degrade the peptide .
• Safety Considerations: In clinical studies, ARA-290 has generally been observed to be safe and well-tolerated, with adverse events typically mild to moderate (injection site reactions, headache) and similar to placebo . Nevertheless, always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including lab coats, safety glasses, and nitrile gloves.
• Warning: This product is not for human or veterinary use. It is not a drug, food, or cosmetic. Not for human consumption or diagnostic use. For laboratory research only .

❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: What is the primary mechanism of action for ARA-290 in research?

A: ARA-290 is a selective agonist of the Innate Repair Receptor (IRR) , a heteromeric complex of EPOR and CD131 . It activates anti-inflammatory pathways (suppressing TNF-α, IL-1β), inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome, and triggers tissue-repair cascades (PI3K/Akt) without stimulating erythropoiesis .

Q: How does ARA-290 differ from erythropoietin (EPO) in research applications?

A: While EPO has both hematopoietic and tissue-protective effects, ARA-290 is engineered to be highly selective for the IRR. It exhibits >1,000-fold reduced binding to the EPOR homodimer that drives red blood cell production, making it a pure research tool for studying tissue protection and anti-inflammation without the confounding variables of increased hematocrit or thrombosis risk .

Q: What have human clinical studies demonstrated about ARA-290's effects?

A: Phase 2 clinical trials have shown that ARA-290 (4 mg subcutaneous daily for 28 days) significantly improves neuropathic pain symptoms, increases corneal nerve fiber density (indicating structural nerve repair), and improves metabolic control (HbA1c and lipid profiles) in patients with type 2 diabetes and painful neuropathy . Similar nerve-regenerative effects were observed in sarcoidosis patients .

Q: What are the key applications of ARA-290 in neurodegenerative disease research?

A: A 2024 study in a tau proteinopathy model (P301S mice) demonstrated that ARA-290 significantly reduced neuroinflammation markers (NF-κB by 57%, TNF-α by 32%), modulated Tau protein phosphorylation (decreasing GSK-3β, increasing PP2A), and improved behavioral outcomes, suggesting potential applications in Alzheimer's and frontotemporal dementia research .

Q: Does ARA-290 have direct effects on pain receptors?

A: Yes. A 2016 study revealed that ARA-290 directly inhibits TRPV1 channel activity and relieves capsaicin-induced mechanical hypersensitivity, suggesting it functions as a novel TRPV1 antagonist. This provides a direct analgesic mechanism beyond its anti-inflammatory effects .

Q: How do you verify the purity and identity of ARA-290?

A: We ensure every batch is rigorously analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) . HPLC confirms a purity level of ≥98% , while Mass Spectrometry verifies the precise molecular weight (~1257.3 g/mol), ensuring the correct peptide structure and identity.

Q: What are the critical storage conditions for ARA-290?

A: Store the lyophilized powder at -20°C (-4°F) or below; it is stable for up to 24 months . Once reconstituted, use promptly or aliquot and store at -20°C for up to one month. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles .

Q: Is ARA-290 prohibited in sports research?

A: Yes, researchers should be aware that ARA-290, as a peptide hormone analog and metabolic modulator, would be included on the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Prohibited List under the general category of hormone and metabolic modulators. It is intended for legitimate scientific research only and not for any applications involving human subjects.

Ready to Advance Your Research? 🚀

Equip your laboratory with a revolutionary tool for studying neuroprotection, inflammation, and tissue repair. Order the high-purity ARA-290 (Cibinetide) Peptide today from Buy Peptides Online USA. Benefit from our fast USA shipping, secure payments (including crypto), and the confidence that comes from rigorously tested research compounds. For any questions about this product or your order, our support team is here to provide technical consultation.